PLMN

A public land mobile network is one operator network identified by an MCC and MNC pair, broadcast by its cells and stored in the IMSI.

Definitions only — a term explained here is not a service we sell.

A public land mobile network (PLMN) is a single operator network, identified by a mobile country code and a mobile network code and broadcast by its cells.

The pair is also stored in the IMSI. The MNC is two or three digits, and leading zeros count: 02 and 002 differ. An operator can run several PLMNs, so read the pair together.

Where the codes sit

  1. MCC 274
  2. MNC 01
  3. MSIN 1234567890
The MCC names the country; the MNC names the network.
Text description

The fields run left to right: MCC, then MNC, then the subscriber part. The MCC names the country or area; the MNC names the network. The boundary moves with the MNC length.

Home, visited and selection

The home PLMN is the one in the subscription. A visited PLMN is any other network the device attaches to. At power-up the device applies this order: the registered PLMN (or an equivalent), then the home PLMN (HPLMN/EHPLMN), then the user-controlled list, then the operator-controlled list, then other networks by signal quality. Forbidden lists and manual locks override it. Check band support. The MCC-MNC lookup resolves the pair.

FAQ

Is a PLMN the same as an operator brand?

Not always. One brand can run several PLMNs.

What is the difference between a home and a visited PLMN?

The home PLMN is in the subscription; a visited PLMN is any other network the device attaches to.

Why can a device show an unexpected network?

Selection rules, a previously registered network, a forbidden list or a roaming agreement can all explain it.

Learn more

Sources

  1. ITU-T E.212: the international identification plan for public networks and subscriptions
  2. 3GPP TS 23.003: numbering, addressing and identification
  3. 3GPP TS 23.122: non-access-stratum functions related to mobile station in idle mode (PLMN selection)